Included here is Hainan Island in South China.

Hainanian Mountane Rainforest

These diverse forests vary with altitude but are generally distributed between 700-1300 m in the Bawang, Diaoluo, Jiaxi, Jianfeng and Limu mountains. They all have a tall, complex vertical structure with the most typical community characterized by the endemic trees Dacrydium pierrei (Podocarpaceae) and Madhuca hainanensis (Sapotaceae), together with species of Lithocarpus. In the highest altitude forest zones other species such as Altingia obovata, Quercus championi and the endemic Adiandra hainanensis (Theaceae) and Pinus fenzeliana (Pinaceae) become conspicuous.

Hainanian Montane Dwarf Forest

In certain areas above an altitude of about 1300 m there are short forests with little vertical structure. The bush-like trees include Pinus kwangtungensis, Ternstroemia gymnanthera, Wikstroemiifolia hayata and the endemic Pentaphylax euryoides (Pentaphylaceae), Quercus blakoi (Fagaceae) and Rhododendron hainanense (Ericaceae). A special feature of these forests is their rich epiphytic flora with many lichens and mosses.

Hainanian Tropical Montane Coniferous Forest

These forests are mainly found in the western mountainous areas. They have a simple vertical structure and are often characterized by the endemic Pinus latteri (Pinaceae). The interior uplands of Hainan, however, support a surprisingly rich variety of conifer species Others include Ketaleeria evelyniana, Pinus fenzeliana, Podocarpus annamiensis and the endemic Cephalotaxus hainanensis, C. mannii (Cephalotaxaceae), Dacrydium massoniana subsp. hainanensis (Podocarpaceae) and Podocarpus imbricata (Podocarpaceae).

References

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Yide, L., Comiskey, J. A. & Dallmeier, F. 1998. Structure and composition of tropical mountain rain forest at the Jianfengling Nature Reserve, Hainan Island, P. R. China. In: Forest Biodiversity Research, Monitoring and Modeling. Eds. F. Dallmeier and J. A. Comiskey. Man and the Biosphere Series, Volume 40. The Parthenon Publishing Group.

Zhang, R., Xing, F., Siu, L., Liu, Y., Ye, Y., Ng, S., Chen, H., Wang., F. 2007. Spermatophyte flora of Yinggeling Mountain, Hainan. Biodiversity Science, 15: 382-392.