Included here are various subantarctic islands such as the Auckland Islands, Antipodes Islands, Bounty Islands, Campbell Island, Macquarie Island and the Snares.

Subantarctic Megaherb Tussock Grassland

This spectacular community of the coastal slopes is dominated by tussock grasses and the endemic megaherbs Anisotome latifolia (Ascelpiadaceae), Bulbinella rossiiand (Asphodelaceae) and Stibocarpa polaris (Araliaceae). Other important species include Carex trifida, Hebe elliptica, Poa foliosa, P. litorosa, and endemics such as Gentiana concinna (Gentianaceae), Geum parviflorum var. albiflorum (Rosaceae), Hebe benthamica (Plantaginaceae) and Stellaria decipiens (Caryophyllaceae).

References

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Bergstrom, D. M. & Chown, S. L. 1999. Life at the front: history, ecology and change on southern ocean islands. Tree, 14: 472-477.

Gillham, M. E. 1960. Modification of the sub-Antarctic flora on Macquare Island by sea birds and sea elephants. Royal Society of Victoria, 74: 1-12.

Johnson, P. N. & Campbell, D. J. 1975. Vascular Plants of the Auckland Islands. New Zealand Journal of Botany, 13: 665-720.

Meurk, C. D., Foggo, M. N. & Wilson, J. B. 1994. The vegetation of subantarctic Campbell Island. New Zealand Journal of Ecology, 18: 123-168.

Molloy, L. 1994. Wild New Zealand. The MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts.

Selkirk, P. M., Seppelt, R. D. & Selkirk, D. R. 1990. Subantarctic Macquarie Island: environment and biology. Studies in Polar Research. Cambridge University Press.

Wace, N. M. 1960. The botany of southern oceanic islands. The Royal Society Expedition to Southern Chile. Proceedings of the Royal Society, 152: 475-490.

Wagstaff, S. J., Breitwieser, I, Quinn, C. & Ito, M. 2007. Age and origin of enigmatic megaherbs from the subantarctic islands. Nature Proceedings (online).