Endemics in Family Order

Acanthaceae
Lepidagathis humifusa T

Asteraceae
Adenostemma renschii F A
Conyza maxima LS
Senecio pyrophilus LS
Vernonia albifolia L
Vernonia capituliflora S
Vernonia coerulea Su T
Vernonia floresiana F
Vernonia lamii T
Vernonia letiensis Le
Vernonia luxuriosa T
Vernonia sambavensis S
Vernonia timorensis T
Vernonia walshii T
Vernonia wetarensis W

Bignonaceae
Pandorea pandorana ssp. timorensis T
Argyreia bifrons L

Boraginaceae
Cynoglossum timorense LS
Ehretia timorensis T

Calophyllaceae
Mammea timorensis F T

Caryophyllaceae
Polycarpaea sumbana Sa Su
Polycarpaea timorensis T
Polycarpaea zollingeri F S

Chrysobalanaceae
Parinari petiolatum F

Clethraceae
Clethra sumbawaensis S F

Clusiaceae
Septogarcinia
Septogarcinia sumbawaensis S

Combretaceae
Combretum tetralophoides F
Lumnitzera racemosa var. lutea A T
Terminalia soembawana S T
Terminalia zollingeri S T

Convolvulaceae
Argyreia glabra L
Argyreia reinwardtiana T
Argyreia sumbawana S
Argyreia walshae T
Erycibe timorensis T
Merremia dichotoma T
Stictocardia cordatosepala L
Stictocardia discolor T

Cucurbitaceae
Gynostemma hederifolia T

Cyperaceae
Carex timorensis T
Eleocharis sundaica LS
Fimbristylis sumbaensis Su
Fimbristylis wetarensis LS
Diplacrum pygmaeopsis Su

Dryopteridaceae
Ctenitis sumbawensis LS

Ericaceae
Rhododendron renschianum F
Styphelia forbesii T
Styphelia jorbesii A T

Euphorbiaceae
Claoxylon colftii S

Fabaceae
Abarema harmsii S
Acacia kostermansii LS
Alysicarpus timorensis T
Bauhinia viridescens T
Christia parviflora L F
Cracca rigida R T
Cullen stipulaceum
Desmodium horridum Su F
Gigasiphon amplum T
Parachidendron pruinosum var. sumbawaense LS
Pararchidendron pruinosum var. sumbawaense S
Psoralea tamborensis Su S F T A
Sympetalandra schmutzii F

Hydrocharitaceae
Najas marina var. zollingeri B

Lauraceae
Cryptocarya sumbawaensis S

Loranthaceae
Amyema enneatha F
Amyema longipes B
Amyema polytrias Su
Amyema schefferoides S
Dendrophthoa timorana T
Dicymanthes lombocana L
Scurrula aphodastrica F

Malvaceae
Firmiana sumbawaensis S
Heritiera gigantea L S F
Kosteletzkya wetarensis W

Meliaceae
Lansium breviracemosum S F
Lansium kostermansii S
Reinwardtiodendron kostemansii F S

Myristicaceae
Knema steenisii F
Myristica rumphii LS
Myristica sumbawana LS

Myrtaceae
Eucalyptus urophylla F T A W

Opiliaceae
Urobotrya florescensis LS

Orchidaceae
Calanthe baliensis B
Diuris fryana T
Pedilonum rindjaniense L
Peristylus elbertii L
Peristylus lombokensis L
Peristylus rindjaniensis L
Pomatocalpa floresanum F

Poaceae
Chrysopogon tenuiculmis L Su F T R
Dichanthium erectum Su T
Iseilema maculatum W
Iseilema minutiflorum Su

Portulacaceae
Portulaca macrorhiza T
Portulaca pilosa var. sundaensis S F W

Rubiaceae
Argostemma timorense T
Galanthe pseudoverrucosa S
lxora balinensis B
lxora sumbawensis S
Ophiorrhiza floresiana F
Pavetta balinensis B
Pavetta sumbawensis S

Sapindaceae
Guioa asquamosa LS
Sapindus balicus B

Tectariaceae
Heterogonium teysmannianum LS
Tectaria decastroi LS
Tectaria lombokensis LS
Tectaria villosa LS

Thelypteridaceae
Christella timorensis T
Pneumatopteris sambawensis S
Sphaerostephanos batulantensis LS
Sphaerostephanos solutus T

Violaceae
Hybanthus enneaspermus var. verbi-divini F


Endemics in Alphabetical Order

Abarema harmsii S
Acacia kostermansii LS
Adenostemma renschii F A
Alysicarpus timorensis T
Amyema enneatha F
Amyema longipes B
Amyema polytrias Su
Amyema schefferoides S
Argostemma timorense T
Argyreia bifrons L
Argyreia glabra L
Argyreia reinwardtiana T
Argyreia sumbawana S
Argyreia walshae T
Bauhinia viridescens T
Calanthe baliensis B
Carex timorensis T
Christella timorensis T
Christia parviflora L F
Chrysopogon tenuiculmis L Su F T R
Claoxylon colftii S
Clethra sumbawaensis S F
Combretum tetralophoides F
Conyza maxima LS
Cracca rigida R T
Cryptocarya sumbawaensis S
Ctenitis sumbawensis LS
Cullen stipulaceum
Cynoglossum timorense LS
Dendrophthoa timorana T
Desmodium horridum Su F
Dichanthium erectum Su T
Dicymanthes lombocana L
Diplacrum pygmaeopsis Su
Diuris fryana T
Ehretia timorensis T
Eleocharis sundaica LS
Erycibe timorensis T
Eucalyptus urophylla F T A W
Fimbristylis sumbaensis Su
Fimbristylis wetarensis LS
Firmiana sumbawaensis S
Galanthe pseudoverrucosa S
Gigasiphon amplum T
Guioa asquamosa LS
Gynostemma hederifolia T
Heritiera gigantea L S F
Heterogonium teysmannianum LS
Hybanthus enneaspermus var. verbi-divini F
Iseilema maculatum W
Iseilema minutiflorum Su
Knema steenisii F
Kosteletzkya wetarensis W
Lansium breviracemosum S F
Lansium kostermansii S
Lepidagathis humifusa T
Lumnitzera racemosa var. lutea A T
lxora balinensis B
lxora sumbawensis S
Mammea timorensis F T
Merremia dichotoma T
Myristica rumphii LS
Myristica sumbawana LS
Najas marina var. zollingeri B
Ophiorrhiza floresiana F
Pandorea pandorana ssp. timorensis T
Parachidendron pruinosum var. sumbawaense LS
Pararchidendron pruinosum var. sumbawaense S
Parinari petiolatum F
Pavetta balinensis B
Pavetta sumbawensis S
Pedilonum rindjaniense L
Peristylus elbertii L
Peristylus lombokensis L
Peristylus rindjaniensis L
Pneumatopteris sambawensis S
Polycarpaea sumbana Sa Su
Polycarpaea timorensis T
Polycarpaea zollingeri F S
Pomatocalpa floresanum F
Portulaca macrorhiza T
Portulaca pilosa var. sundaensis S F W
Psoralea tamborensis Su S F T A
Reinwardtiodendron kostemansii F S
Rhododendron renschianum F
Sapindus balicus B
Scurrula aphodastrica F
Senecio pyrophilus LS
Septogarcinia
Septogarcinia sumbawaensis S
Sphaerostephanos batulantensis LS
Sphaerostephanos solutus T
Stictocardia cordatosepala L
Stictocardia discolor T
Styphelia forbesii T
Styphelia jorbesii A T
Sympetalandra schmutzii F
Tectaria decastroi LS
Tectaria lombokensis LS
Tectaria villosa LS
Terminalia soembawana S T
Terminalia zollingeri S T
Urobotrya florescensis LS
Vernonia albifolia L
Vernonia capituliflora S
Vernonia coerulea Su T
Vernonia floresiana F
Vernonia lamii T
Vernonia letiensis Le
Vernonia luxuriosa T
Vernonia sambavensis S
Vernonia timorensis T
Vernonia walshii T
Vernonia wetarensis W


Summary

Included here is the Lesser Sunda Islands (LS) located in the southeast of Indonesia with the Flores Sea to the northwest, the Banda Sea to the northeast and the Indian Ocean to the south.

Of the endemic and near endemic vascular plants so far recorded there are about 114 species in 80 genera and 33 families. There seems to be 1 endemic genus (marked red) but no endemic families although most species of the family Opiliaceae are confined to Old World tropics.

However these endemics are spread across several islands including Alor (A), Bali (B), Flores (F), Koster (K), Leti (Le), Lombock (L), Rincah (Ri), Rote (Ro), Savu (Sa), Sumbawa (S), Sumba (Su), Timor (T) and Wetar (W).

References

Kalkman, C. 1955. A plant-geographical analysis of the Lesser Sunda Islands. Acta Botanica Neerlandica, 4: 200-225.

Meijer, W. 1976. Botanical Explorations in Celebes and Bali. National Geographic Society Research Reports, 60: 583-605.

Whitten, T., Soeriaatmadja, R. E. & Afiff, S. A. 1997. The Ecology of Java and Bali. Oxford University Press.