Endemics in Family Order

Acanthaceae
Barleria strigosa var terminalis
Calacanthus
Calacanthus grandiflorus
Diotacanthus albiflorus
Diotacanthus grandis
Gymnostachyum glabrum
Haplanthodes neilgherryensis
Justicia wynaadensis
Kanjarum
Kanjarum palghatense
Mackenziea integrifolia
Neuracanthus sphaerostachyus
Nilgirianthus barbatus
Rostellularia simplex
Thelepaepale ixiocephala

Achariaceae
Hydnocarpus pentandrus

Alismataceae
Wiesneria triandra

Anacardiaceae
Catutsjeron arnottianum
Catutsjeron ferrugineum
Gluta travancorica
Holigarna grahamii
Nothopegia travancorica

Ancistrocladaceae
Ancistrocladus heyneanus

Annonaceae
Alphonsea zeylanica
Goniothalamus rhynchantherus
Popowia beddomeana
Sageraea laurina

Apiaceae
Peucedanum josephianum
Pinda
Pinda concanensi
Polyzygus
Polyzygus tuberosus
Vanasushava
Vanasushava pedata

Apocynaceae
Baeolepis
Baeolepis nervosa
Beaumontia jerdoniana
Brachystelma malwanense
Ceropegia attenuata
Ceropegia fantastica
Chilocarpus malabaricus
Decalepis arayalpathra
Desmidorchis dalzellii
Ellertonia rheedii
Frerea
Frerea indica
Heterostemma dalzellii
Hoya kanyakumariana
Marsdenia tirunelvelica
Pergularia brunoniana
Toxocarpus beddomei
Tylophora dalzellii
Utleria
Utleria salicifolia

Aponogetonaceae
Aponogeton bruggenii

Aquifoliaceae
Ilex gardneriana
Ilex malabarica

Araceae
Amorphophallus commutatus
Amorphophallus konkanensis
Amorphophallus smithsonianus
Ariopsis peltata
Arisaema tortuosum ssp sivadasanii
Cryptocoryne cognata
Lagenandra keralensis
Lagenandra meeboldii
Lagenandra nairii
Lagenandra toxicaria
Pothos crassipedunculatus
Theriophonum dalzellii
Theriophonum infaustum

Araliaceae
Schefflera bourdillonii
Schefflera capitata

Arecaceae
Arenga wightii
Bentinckia condapanna
Calamus thwaitesii
Hyphaene dichotoma

Aristolochiaceae
Apama barberi
Thottea barberi
Thottea siliquosa

Asteraceae
Adenoon
Adenoon indicum
Cissampelopsis ansteadii
Decaneurum
Decaneurum divergens
Helichrysum buddleioides Helichrysum wightii
Lamprachaenium
Lamprachaenium microcephalum
Microchaeta
Microchaeta lobata
Nanothamnus
Nanothamnus sericeus
Phyllocephalum ritchiei
Phyllocephalum sengaltherianum
Phyllocephalum tenue
Senecio belgaumensis
Vernonia bourdillooii
Vernonia gosspina
Vernonia heynel
Vernonia malabarica
Vernonia meeboldii
Vernonia peninsularis
Vernonia ramaswamii
Vernonia travancorica

Balsaminaceae
Impatiens apiculata
Impatiens kleiniformis
Impatiens nilgirica
Impatiens pulcherrima
Impatiens travancorica

Begoniaceae
Begonia aliciae
Begonia crenata

Boraginaceae
Adelocaryum coelestinum

Burmanniaceae
Haplothismia
Haplothismia exannulata

Calophyllaceae
Calophyllum apetalum
Calophyllum austroindicum
Calophyllum calaba
Poeciloneuron
Poeciloneuron indicum
Poeciloneuron pauciflorum

Campanulaceae
Campanula wightii

Capparaceae
Capparis brevispina var rheedii

Celastraceae
Glyptopetalum lawsonii

Chrysobalanaceae
Atuna travancorica

Clusiaceae
Garcinia cambogia
Garcinia imbertii
Garcinia indica
Garcinia rubroechinata
Garcinia talbotii
Garcinia travancorica

Commelinaceae
Belosynapsis kewensis
Murdannia versicolor

Cyperaceae
Bulbostylis puberula var gracilis
Fimbristylis dauciformis
Fimbristylis lawiana
Fuirena ponmudiensis

Daphniphyllaceae
Daphniphyllum glaucescens subsp. neilgherrense

Dilleniaceae
Tetracera akara

Dioscoreaceae
Dioscorea wightii

Dipterocarpaceae
Dipterocarpus indicus
Hopea ponga
Hopea utilis
Vateria indica

Ebenaceae
Diospyros angustifolia
Diospyros barberi
Diospyros humilis
Diospyros paniculata
Diospyros pruriens
Diospyros saldanhae

Elaeocarpaceae
Elaeocarpus blascoi
Elaeocarpus gaussenii
Elaeocarpus tuberculatus
Elaeocarpus venustus

Ericaceae
Rhododendron arboreum
Vaccinium leschenaultii

Eriocaulaceae
Eriocaulon calcadensis
Eriocaulon cuspidatum
Eriocaulon dalzellii
Eriocaulon discifera
Eriocaulon ensiforme
Eriocaulon eurypeplon
Eriocaulon flocccosa
Eriocaulon fysonii
Eriocaulon lanceolatum
Eriocaulon panagudianum
Eriocaulon reductum
Eriocaulon rottleriana
Eriocaulon singampattiana
Eriocaulon stellulatum

Euphorbiaceae
Bruxanellia indica
Chamaesyce notoptera
Claoxylon wightii var hirsutum
Dimorphocalyx glabellus var lawianus
Emblica fischeri
Euphorbia santapaui
Euphorbia vajravelui
Micrococca wightii var angustata
Trigonostemon beddomei

Fabaceae
Crotalaria filipes
Crotalaria lutescens
Dalbergia tinnevelliensis
Dalbergia travancoria
Deguelia heyneana
Derris brevipes var travancorensis
Geissaspis cristata var tenella
Humboldtia bourdilloni
Humboldtia trijuga
Indigofera dalzellii
Indigofera tirunelvelica
Inga cynometroides
Moullava spicata
Placolobium travancoricum
Prioria pinnata
Rhynchosia jacobii
Spatholobus purpureus
Wagatea
Wagatea spicata

Gentianaceae
Didymocarpus ovalifolia
Didymocarpus reptans
Dldymocarpus mlssionis
Dldymocarpus ovalifolia
Exacum atropurpureum
Exacum courtallense var boneccordense
Exacum courtallense var travancorica
Exacum wightianum
Jerdonia
Jerdonia indica

Hydatellaceae
Trithuria konkanensis

Icacinaceae
Apodytes dimidiata
Nothapodytes foetida

Lamiaceae
Anisochilus robustus
Eusteralis tomentosa
Pogostemon hedgei
Pogostemon travancoricus
Premna mundanthuraiensis
Teucrium plectranthoides

Lauraceae
Actinodaphne bourneae
Actinodaphne campanulata
Actinodaphne lanata
Apollonias arnottii
Cinnamomum chemungianum
Cinnamomum malabatricum
Cinnamomum travancoricum
Cinnamomum walaiwarense
Cryptocarya lawsonii
Litsea coriacea
Litsea ghatica
Litsea nigrescens

Lentibulariaceae
Utricularia lazulina
Utricularia malabarica
Utricularia praeterita

Linderniaceae
Lindernia estaminodosa
Lindernia manilaliana
Torenia bicolor

Lythraceae
Lagerstroemia microcarpa
Rotala macrandra
Rotala malampuzhensis

Magnoliaceae
Magnolia nilagirica

Malvaceae
Decaschistia trilobata
Erinocarpus
Erinocarpus nimmonii
Grewia pandaica

Melastomataceae
Memecylon gracilis
Memecylon subramanii
Memecylon talbotianum
Sonerila kanniyakumariana
Sonerila rheedi
Sonerila sadasivani

Meliaceae
Aglaia anamallayana
Aglaia elaeagnoidea var bourdillonii
Amoora lawii
Dysoxylum malabaricum

Moraceae
Antiaris toxicaria
Artocarpus hirsutus

Myristicaceae
Gymnacranthera canarica
Gymnacranthera farquhariana
Knema attenuata
Myristica malabarica

Myrtaceae
Eugenia macrosepala
Meteoromyrtus
Meteoromyrtus wynaadensis
Syzygium beddomei
Syzygium bourdillonii
Syzygium gambleanum
Syzygium myhendrae
Syzygium parameswaranii
Syzygium rama-varmae
Syzygium zeylanicum var ellipticum

Olacaceae
Erythropalum scandens
Ligustrum robustum ssp walkeri
Ligustrum travancoricum
Mayepea malabarica
Myxopyrum serratulum
Olax imbricata

Orchidaceae
Aenhenrya agastyamalayana
Aerides dalzelliana
Bulbophyllum agastyamalayanum
Dendrobium diodon ssp kodayarensis
Dendrobium ovatum
Dendrobium panduratum ssp villosum
Diplocentrum congestum
Diplocentrum recurvum
Eria dalzellii
Oberonia brachyphylla
Paphiopedilum druryi
Porpax jerdoniana
Taeniophyllum pusillum
Trias bonaccordensis

Orobanchaceae
Campbellia
Campbellia cytinoides
Christisonia calcarata
Christisonia lawii
Cliffordia bicolor
Pedicularis perrottetii

Oxalidaceae
Biophytum insigne
Biophytum longibracteatum

Phyllanthaceae
Aporosa lindleyana
Phyllanthus anamalayanus
Phyllanthus singampattianus
Phyllanthus talbotii
Pseudoglochidion
Pseudoglochidion anamalayanum

Piperaceae
Piper barberi

Pittosporaceae
Pittosporum dasycaulon
Pittosporum undulatum

Poaceae
Arthraxon lanceolatus var meeboldii
Arundinella metzii
Chandrasekharania
Chandrasekharania keralensis
Cymbopogon flexuosus
Dimeria woodrowii
Glyphochloa acuminata var woodrowii
Glyphochloa goaensis
Glyphochloa talbotii
Hubbardia heptaneuron
Indochloa oligantha
Ischaemum dalzellii
Ischaemum jayachandranii
Ischaemum travancorense
Ophiuros bombaiensis
Oxytenanthera monostigma
Panicum paianum
Paspalum canarae var fimbriatum
Silentvalleya
Silentvalleya nairii
Zenkeria sebastinei

Podocarpaceae
Nageia wallichiana

Podostemaceae
Cladopus hookeriana
Griffithella
Griffithella pierrei
Indotristicha ramosissima
Indotristicha tirunelveliana
Willisia
Willisia selaginoides

Primulaceae
Antistrophe serratifolia
Ardisia blatteri
Rapanea daphnoides
Rapanea wightiana

Putranjivaceae
Drypetes malabarica
Drypetes porteri
Drypetes venusta

Rhamnaceae
Ventilago bombaiensis

Rhizophoraceae
Blepharistemma
Blepharistemma membranifolium
Cassipourea ceylanica

Rubiaceae
Acranthera grandiflora
Byrsophyllum tetrandrum
Hedyotis barberi
Hedyotis eualata var agastyamalayana
Hedyotis gamblei
Hedyotis maheshwarii
Hedyotis ramarowii
Hedyotis villosostipulata
Ixora agasthyamalayana
Ixora brachiata
Knoxia sumatrensis var linearis
Litosanthes cinerea
Morinda reticulata
Mussaenda laxa
Neanotis foetida
Neanotis monosperma var tirunelvelica
Neanotis rheedei
Nonatelia oblongifolia
Nonatelia obovata
Octotropis
Octotropis travancorica
Oldenlandia albonervia
Oldenlandia travancorica
Oldenlandia viscida
Ophiorrhiza tirunelvelica
Tricalysia sphaerocarpa
Uragoga dalzellii
Wendlandia notoniana var bicuspidata

Rutaceae
Euodia lunu-ankenda var tirunelvelica

Salicaceae
Homalium jainii

Sapindaceae
Otonephelum
Otonephelium stipulaceum

Sapotaceae
Croixia elliptica
Isonandra lanceolata
Palaquium bourdillonii

Staphyleaceae
Turpinia malabarica

Symplocaceae
Symplocos macrophylla
Symplocos congesta
Symplocos oligandra
Symplocos pulchra ssp coriacea
Symplocos sessllis

Urticaceae
Elatostema lineolatum
Elatostema monandrum

Violaceae
Hybanthus travancoricus

Zingiberaceae
Zingiber neesanum


Endemics in Alphabetical Order

Acranthera grandiflora
Actinodaphne bourneae
Actinodaphne campanulata
Actinodaphne lanata
Adelocaryum coelestinum
Adenoon
Adenoon indicum
Aenhenrya agastyamalayana
Aerides dalzelliana
Aglaia anamallayana
Aglaia elaeagnoidea var bourdillonii
Alphonsea zeylanica
Amoora lawii
Amorphophallus commutatus
Amorphophallus konkanensis
Amorphophallus smithsonianus
Ancistrocladus heyneanus
Anisochilus robustus
Antiaris toxicaria
Antistrophe serratifolia
Apama barberi
Apodytes dimidiata
Apollonias arnottii
Aponogeton bruggenii
Aporosa lindleyana
Ardisia blatteri
Arenga wightii
Ariopsis peltata
Arisaema tortuosum ssp sivadasanii
Arthraxon lanceolatus var meeboldii
Artocarpus hirsutus
Arundinella metzii
Atuna travancorica
Baeolepis
Baeolepis nervosa
Barleria strigosa var terminalis
Beaumontia jerdoniana
Begonia aliciae
Begonia crenata
Belosynapsis kewensis
Bentinckia condapanna
Biophytum insigne
Biophytum longibracteatum
Blepharistemma
Blepharistemma membranifolium
Brachystelma malwanense
Bruxanellia indica
Bulbophyllum agastyamalayanum
Bulbostylis puberula var gracilis
Byrsophyllum tetrandrum
Calacanthus
Calacanthus grandiflorus
Calamus thwaitesii
Calophyllum apetalum
Calophyllum austroindicum
Calophyllum calaba
Campanula wightii
Campbellia
Campbellia cytinoides
Capparis brevispina var rheedii
Cassipourea ceylanica
Catutsjeron arnottianum
Catutsjeron ferrugineum
Ceropegia attenuata
Ceropegia fantastica
Chamaesyce notoptera
Chandrasekharania
Chandrasekharania keralensis
Chilocarpus malabaricus
Christisonia calcarata
Christisonia lawii
Cinnamomum chemungianum
Cinnamomum malabatricum
Cinnamomum travancoricum
Cinnamomum walaiwarense
Cissampelopsis ansteadii
Cladopus hookeriana
Claoxylon wightii var hirsutum
Cliffordia bicolor
Croixia elliptica
Crotalaria filipes
Crotalaria lutescens
Cryptocarya lawsonii
Cryptocoryne cognata
Cymbopogon flexuosus
Dalbergia tinnevelliensis
Dalbergia travancoria
Daphniphyllum glaucescens subsp. neilgherrense
Decalepis arayalpathra
Decaneurum
Decaneurum divergens
Decaschistia trilobata
Deguelia heyneana
Dendrobium diodon ssp kodayarensis
Dendrobium ovatum
Dendrobium panduratum ssp villosum
Derris brevipes var. travancorensis
Desmidorchis dalzellii
Didymocarpus ovalifolia
Didymocarpus reptans
Dimeria woodrowii
Dimorphocalyx glabellus var lawianus
Dioscorea wightii
Diospyros angustifolia
Diospyros barberi
Diospyros humilis
Diospyros paniculata
Diospyros pruriens
Diospyros saldanhae
Diotacanthus albiflorus
Diotacanthus grandis
Diplocentrum congestum
Diplocentrum recurvum
Dipterocarpus indicus
Dldymocarpus mlssionis
Dldymocarpus ovalifolia
Drypetes malabarica
Drypetes porteri
Drypetes venusta
Dysoxylum malabaricum
Elaeocarpus blascoi
Elaeocarpus gaussenii
Elaeocarpus tuberculatus
Elaeocarpus venustus
Elatostema lineolatum
Elatostema monandrum
Ellertonia rheedii
Emblica fischeri
Eria dalzellii
Erinocarpus
Erinocarpus nimmonii
Eriocaulon calcadensis
Eriocaulon cuspidatum
Eriocaulon dalzellii
Eriocaulon discifera
Eriocaulon ensiforme
Eriocaulon eurypeplon
Eriocaulon flocccosa
Eriocaulon fysonii
Eriocaulon lanceolatum
Eriocaulon panagudianum
Eriocaulon reductum
Eriocaulon rottleriana
Eriocaulon singampattiana
Eriocaulon stellulatum
Erythropalum scandens
Eugenia macrosepala
Euodia lunu-ankenda var tirunelvelica
Euphorbia santapaui
Euphorbia vajravelui
Eusteralis tomentosa
Exacum atropurpureum
Exacum courtallense var boneccordense
Exacum courtallense var travancorica
Exacum wightianum
Fimbristylis dauciformis
Fimbristylis lawiana
Frerea
Frerea indica
Fuirena ponmudiensis
Garcinia cambogia
Garcinia imbertii
Garcinia indica
Garcinia rubroechinata
Garcinia talbotii
Garcinia travancorica
Geissaspis cristata var tenella
Gluta travancorica
Glyphochloa acuminata var woodrowii
Glyphochloa goaensis
Glyphochloa talbotii
Glyptopetalum lawsonii
Goniothalamus rhynchantherus
Grewia pandaica
Griffithella
Griffithella pierrei
Gymnacranthera canarica
Gymnacranthera farquhariana
Gymnostachyum glabrum
Haplanthodes neilgherryensis
Haplothismia
Haplothismia exannulata
Hedyotis barberi
Hedyotis eualata var agastyamalayana
Hedyotis gamblei
Hedyotis maheshwarii
Hedyotis ramarowii
Hedyotis villosostipulata
Helichrysum buddleioides Helichrysum wightii
Heterostemma dalzellii
Holigarna grahamii
Homalium jainii
Hopea ponga
Hopea utilis
Hoya kanyakumariana
Hubbardia heptaneuron
Humboldtia bourdilloni
Humboldtia trijuga
Hybanthus travancoricus
Hydnocarpus pentandrus
Hyphaene dichotoma
Ilex gardneriana
Ilex malabarica
Impatiens apiculata
Impatiens kleiniformis
Impatiens nilgirica
Impatiens pulcherrima
Impatiens travancorica
Indigofera dalzellii
Indigofera tirunelvelica
Indochloa oligantha
Indotristicha ramosissima
Indotristicha tirunelveliana
Inga cynometroides
Ischaemum dalzellii
Ischaemum jayachandranii
Ischaemum travancorense
Isonandra lanceolata
Ixora agasthyamalayana
Ixora brachiata
Jerdonia
Jerdonia indica
Justicia wynaadensis
Kanjarum
Kanjarum palghatense
Knema attenuata
Knoxia sumatrensis var linearis
Lagenandra keralensis
Lagenandra meeboldii
Lagenandra nairii
Lagenandra toxicaria
Lagerstroemia microcarpa
Lamprochaenium
Lamprachaenium microcephalum
Ligustrum robustum ssp walkeri
Ligustrum travancoricum
Lindernia estaminodosa
Lindernia manilaliana
Litosanthes cinerea
Litsea coriacea
Litsea ghatica
Litsea nigrescens
Mackenziea integrifolia
Magnolia nilagirica
Marsdenia tirunelvelica
Mayepea malabarica
Memecylon gracilis
Memecylon subramanii
Memecylon talbotianum
Meteoromyrtus
Meteoromyrtus wynaadensis
Microchaeta
Microchaeta lobata
Micrococca wightii var angustata
Morinda reticulata
Moullava spicata
Murdannia versicolor
Mussaenda laxa
Myristica malabarica
Myxopyrum serratulum
Nageia wallichiana
Nanothamnus
Nanothamnus sericeus
Neanotis foetida
Neanotis monosperma var tirunelvelica
Neanotis rheedei
Neuracanthus sphaerostachyus
Nilgirianthus barbatus
Nonatelia oblongifolia
Nonatelia obovata
Nothapodytes foetida
Nothopegia travancorica
Oberonia brachyphylla
Octotropis
Octotropis travancorica
Olax imbricata
Oldenlandia albonervia
Oldenlandia travancorica
Oldenlandia viscida
Ophiorrhiza tirunelvelica
Ophiuros bombaiensis
Otonephelum
Otonephelium stipulaceum
Oxytenanthera monostigma
Palaquium bourdillonii
Panicum paianum
Paphiopedilum druryi
Paspalum canarae var fimbriatum
Pedicularis perrottetii
Pergularia brunoniana
Peucedanum josephianum
Phyllanthus anamalayanus
Phyllanthus singampattianus
Phyllanthus talbotii
Phyllocephalum ritchiei
Phyllocephalum sengaltherianum
Phyllocephalum tenue
Pinda
Pinda concanensis
Piper barberi
Pittosporum dasycaulon
Pittosporum undulatum
Placolobium travancoricum
Poeciloneuron
Poeciloneuron indicum
Poeciloneuron pauciflorum
Pogostemon hedgei
Pogostemon travancoricus
Polyzygus
Polyzygus tuberosus
Popowia beddomeana
Porpax jerdoniana
Pothos crassipedunculatus
Premna mundanthuraiensis
Prioria pinnata
Pseudoglochidion
Pseudoglochidion anamalayanum
Rapanea daphnoides
Rapanea wightiana
Rhododendron arboreum
Rhynchosia jacobii
Rostellularia simplex
Rotala macrandra
Rotala malampuzhensis
Sageraea laurina
Schefflera bourdillonii
Schefflera capitata
Senecio belgaumensis
Silentvalleya
Silentvalleya nairii
Sonerila kanniyakumariana
Sonerila rheedi
Sonerila sadasivani
Spatholobus purpureus
Symplocos congesta
Symplocos macrophylla
Symplocos oligandra
Symplocos pulchra ssp coriacea
Symplocos sessllis
Syzygium beddomei
Syzygium bourdillonii
Syzygium gambleanum
Syzygium myhendrae
Syzygium parameswaranii
Syzygium rama-varmae
Syzygium zeylanicum var ellipticum
Taeniophyllum pusillum
Tetracera akara
Teucrium plectranthoides
Thelepaepale ixiocephala
Theriophonum dalzellii
Theriophonum infaustum
Thottea barberi
Thottea siliquosa
Torenia bicolor
Toxocarpus beddomei
Trias bonaccordensis
Tricalysia sphaerocarpa
Trigonostemon beddomei
Trithuria konkanensis
Turpinia malabarica
Tylophora dalzellii
Uragoga dalzellii
Utleria
Utleria salicifolia
Utricularia lazulina
Utricularia malabarica
Utricularia praeterita
Vaccinium leschenaultii
Vanasushava
Vanasushava pedata
Vateria indica
Ventilago bombaiensis
Vernonia bourdillooii
Vernonia gosspina
Vernonia heynel
Vernonia malabarica
Vernonia meeboldii
Vernonia peninsularis
Vernonia ramaswamii
Vernonia travancorica
Wagatea
Wagatea spicata
Wendlandia notoniana var bicuspidata
Wiesneria triandra
Willisia
Willisia selaginoides
Zenkeria sebastinei
Zingiber neesanum


Summary

Included here are the western coastal plains (Malabar Coast) of Peninsula India from the southern vicinities of Broach to Cape Comorin, the western side of the Western Ghats (Malabar Hills) including the Anamalai, Cardamom, Nilgiri and Palni hills, and the coral Laccadive Islands.

Of the endemic and near endemic vascular plants so far recorded there are about 362 species in 246 genera and 77 families. There are 28 endemic genera (marked red) but no endemic families. However, there are reported to be over 1000 endemic species for this area so further information is required.

References

Annaselvam, J. & Parthasarathy, N. 2001. Diversity and distribution of herbaceous vascular epiphytes in a tropical evergreen forest at Varagalaiar, Western Ghats, India. Biodiversity and Conservation, 10: 317-329.

Ayyappan, N. & Parthasarathy, N.1999. Biodiversity inventory of trees in a large-scale permanent plot of tropical evergeen forest at Varagalaiar, Anamalais, Western Ghats, India. Biodiversity and Conservation, 8: 1533-1554.

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