Endemics in Family Order

Amaryllidaceae
Allium maximowiczii var yezomonticola

Apiaceae
Angelica acutiloba fo lanceolata
Angelica acutiloba ssp lineariloba
Angelica anomala var sachalinensis
Angelica gmelinii
Bupleurum longiradiatum
Bupleurum nipponicum var yesoense
Peucedanum multivittatum
Tilingia ajanensis

Apocynaceae
Cynanchum inamoenum

Araceae
Arisaema speirophyllum ssp boreale

Aristolochiaceae
Asarum heterotropoides

Asparagaceae
Hosta atropurpurea

Asteraceae
Achillea ptarmica var yezoensis
Anaphalis alpicola
Arctanthemum yezoense
Arnica sachalinensis
Artemisia furcata
Artemisia limosa
Aster glehnii
Chrysanthemum weyrichii
Cirsium apoense
Cirsium apoiense
Cirsium pectinella
Crepis gymnopus
Crepis gymnopus
Crepis hokkaidoensis
Erigeron thunbergii
Erigeron thunbergii var angustifolius
Eupatoria chinense var sachalinense
Eupatorium sachalinense
Hasteola robusta
Hypochaeris crepidioides
Leontopodium discolor
Leontopodium kurilense
Ligularia hodgsonii
Petasites japonicus var giganteus
Saussurea chionophylla
Saussurea fauriei
Saussurea kurilensis
Saussurea riederi ssp kudoana
Saussurea riederi var daisetsuensis
Saussurea riederi var kudoana
Saussurea riederi var yezoensis
Saussurea yanagisawae
Scorzonera radiata
Senecio kawakamii
Solidago virgaurea var gigantea
Solidago virgaurea var yezoensis
Taraxacum shikotanense
Taraxacum yuparense

Betulaceae
Betula apoiensis
Betula tatewakiana

Boraginaceae
Eritrichium sachalinense
Mertensia kamczatica
Mertensia pterocarpa var yezoensis

Brassicaceae
Cardamine schinziana
Cardamine yezoensis
Draba borealis
Draba nakaiana
Erysimum cheiranthoides
Thlaspi exauriculatum

Campanulaceae
Popoviocodonia
Popoviocodonia uyemurae

Caryophyllaceae
Arenaria katoana var lanceolata
Silene repens
Silene sachalinensis
Stellaria nipponica
Stellaria pterosperma

Crassulaceae
Hylotelephium cauticola
Sedum cauticolum
Sedum furusei

Cyperaceae
Carex apoiensis
Carex augustinowiczii var sharensis
Carex bostrychostigma
Carex caespitosa
Carex flavicuspis
Carex glehnii
Carex kabanovii
Carex pyrophila
Carex ramenskii
Carex sachalensis
Carex scita
Carex subumbellata
Fimbristylis ochotensis

Ericaceae
Empetrum kurilense

Eriocaulaceae
Eriocaulon atrum var. glaberrimum
Eriocaulon pallescens
Eriocaulon perplexum
Eriocaulon sachalinense var kusiroense

Fabaceae
Astragalus japonicus
Astragalus sachalinensis
Astragalus yamamotoi
Hedysarum hedysaroides ssp sachalinense
Lespedeza bicolor
Oxytropis bracteolata
Oxytropis kawasimensis
Oxytropis kudoana
Oxytropis kudoana var hidaka-montana
Oxytropis megalantha
Oxytropis retusa
Oxytropis rishiriensis
Oxytropis rukutamensis
Oxytropis sachalinensis
Oxytropis shokanbetsuensis
Oxytropis yezoensis
Spiesia pumilio

Gentianaceae
Gentianella sugawarae
Gentiana triflora
Gentiana yuparensis
Gentianella auriculata
Gentianella paludicola
Ophelia tetrapetala
Swertia tetrapetala

Grossulariaceae
Ribes latifolium
Ribes sachalinense

Hydrocharitaceae
Najas yezoensis

Hypericaceae
Hypericum erectum
Hypericum nummularioides
Hypericum samaniense
Hypericum yezoense

Juncaceae
Juncus tokubuchii

Lamiaceae
Clinopodium gracile var sachalinense

Liliaceae
Gagea vaginata

Melianthaceae
Anticlea sachalinensis

Orchidaceae
Habenaria yezoensis
Platanthera extremiorientalis
Ponerorchis curtipes

Orobanchaceae
Euphrasia maximowiczii
Pedicularis koidzumiana
Pedicularis venusta
Pedicularis yezoensis

Papaveraceae
Corydalis gigantea
Papaver fauriei

Pinaceae
Abies sachalinensis
Larix gmelinii ssp japonica
Picea jezoensis

Plantaginaceae
Lagotis glauca
Lagotis stelleri
Plantago major
Plantago togashii
Veronica schmidtiana

Poaceae
Anthoxanthum pluriflorum
Bromus yezoensis
Elymus yubaridakensis
Poa macrocalyx var fallax
Poa macrocalyx var scabriflora
Poa macrocalyx var tatewakiana
Poa sachalinensis
Sasa rivularis

Polemoniaceae
Polemonium yezoense

Polygonaceae
Reynoutria sachalinensis
Rumex fauriei
Rumex japonicus var yezoensis

Primulaceae
Cortusa matthioli var congesta
Cortusa matthioli var jozana
Cortusa matthioli var yezoensis
Primula hidakana
Primula modesta
Primula modesta var matsumurae
Primula sorachiana
Primula takedana
Primula yuparensis

Ranunculaceae
Aconitum maximum ssp kurilense
Aconitum neosachalinense
Aconitum sachalinense ssp yezoense
Aconitum yamazakii
Aconitum yuparense var apoiense
Anemonastrum villosissimum
Anemonoides soyensis
Batrachium yezoense
Callianthemum miyabeanum
Callianthemum sachalinense
Pulsatilla sachalinensis
Thalictrum foetidum
Thalictrum integrilobum
Thalictrum sachalinense
Trollius pulcher

Rhamnaceae
Rhamnus ishidae

Rosaceae
Aruncus dioicus
Filipendula multijuga var yezoensis
Fragaria yezoensis
Geum macrophyllum
Malus mandshurica
Potentilla matsumurae
Potentilla miyabei
Sanguisorba hakusanensis
Sorbus commixta

Salicaceae
Salix bakko
Salix hidakamontana
Salix paludicola
Salix pauciflora
Salix reinii
Salix sachalinensis
Salix taraikensis
Salix yezoalpina

Sapindaceae
Acer japonicum var kobakoense

Saxifragaceae
Astilbe platyphylla
Saxifraga nishidae
Saxifraga sachalinensis

Tofieldiaceae
Tofieldia coccinea var kondoi
Tofieldia okuboi var kondoi

Violaceae
Viola alliariaefolia
Viola brevistipulata ssp hidakana
Viola brevistipolata var laciniata
Viola hidakana
Viola kusanoana
Viola yubariana

Woodsiaceae
Athyrium rupestre

XanthorrhoeaceaeHemerocallis yezoensis


Endemics in Alphabetical Order

Abies sachalinensis
Acer japonicum var kobakoense
Achillea ptarmica var yezoensis
Aconitum maximum ssp. kurilense
Aconitum neosachalinense
Aconitum sachalinense ssp yezoense
Aconitum yamazakii
Aconitum yuparense var apoiense
Allium maximowiczii var yezomonticola
Anaphalis alpicola
Anemonastrum villosissimum
Anemonoides soyensis
Angelica acutiloba fo lanceolata
Angelica acutiloba ssp lineariloba
Angelica anomala var sachalinensis
Angelica gmelinii
Anthoxanthum pluriflorum
Anticlea sachalinensis
Arctanthemum yezoense
Arenaria katoana var lanceolata
Arisaema speirophyllum ssp. boreale
Arnica sachalinensis
Artemisia furcata
Artemisia limosa
Aruncus dioicus
Asarum heterotropoides
Aster glehnii
Astilbe platyphylla
Astragalus japonicus
Astragalus sachalinensis
Astragalus yamamotoi
Athyrium rupestre
Batrachium yezoense
Betula apoiensis
Betula tatewakiana
Bromus yezoensis
Bupleurum longiradiatum
Bupleurum nipponicum var yesoense
Callianthemum miyabeanum
Callianthemum sachalinense
Cardamine schinziana
Cardamine yezoensis
Carex apoiensis
Carex augustinowiczii var sharensis
Carex bostrychostigma
Carex caespitosa
Carex flavicuspis
Carex glehnii
Carex kabanovii
Carex pyrophila
Carex ramenskii
Carex sachalensis
Carex scita
Carex subumbellata
Chrysanthemum weyrichii
Cirsium apoense
Cirsium apoiense
Cirsium pectinella
Clinopodium gracile var sachalinense
Cortusa matthioli var congesta
Cortusa matthioli var jozana
Cortusa matthioli var yezoensis
Corydalis gigantea
Crepis gymnopus
Crepis gymnopus
Crepis hokkaidoensis
Cynanchum inamoenum
Draba borealis
Draba nakaiana
Elymus yubaridakensis
Empetrum kurilense
Erigeron thunbergii
Erigeron thunbergii var angustifolius
Eriocaulon atrum var glaberrimum
Eriocaulon pallescens
Eriocaulon perplexum
Eriocaulon sachalinense var kusiroense
Eritrichium sachalinense
Erysimum cheiranthoides
Eupatoria chinense var sachalinense
Eupatorium sachalinense
Euphrasia maximowiczii
Filipendula multijuga var yezoensis
Fimbristylis ochotensis
Fragaria yezoensis
Gagea vaginata
Gentiana triflora
Gentiana yuparensis
Gentianella auriculata
Gentianella paludicola
Gentianella sugawarae
Geum macrophyllum
Habenaria yezoensis
Hasteola robusta
Hedysarum hedysaroides ssp sachalinense
Hemerocallis yezoensis
Hosta atropurpurea
Hylotelephium cauticola
Hypericum erectum
Hypericum nummularioides
Hypericum samaniense
Hypericum yezoense
Hypochaeris crepidioides
Juncus tokubuchii
Lagotis glauca
Lagotis stelleri
Larix gmelinii ssp japonica
Leontopodium discolor
Leontopodium kurilense
Lespedeza bicolor
Ligularia hodgsonii
Malus mandshurica
Mertensia kamczatica
Mertensia pterocarpa var yezoensis
Najas yezoensis
Ophelia tetrapetala
Oxytropis bracteolata
Oxytropis kawasimensis
Oxytropis kudoana
Oxytropis kudoana var hidaka-montana
Oxytropis megalantha
Oxytropis retusa
Oxytropis rishiriensis
Oxytropis rukutamensis
Oxytropis sachalinensis
Oxytropis shokanbetsuensis
Oxytropis yezoensis
Papaver fauriei
Pedicularis koidzumiana
Pedicularis venusta
Pedicularis yezoensis
Petasites japonicus var giganteus
Peucedanum multivittatum
Picea jezoensis
Plantago major
Plantago togashii
Platanthera extremiorientalis
Poa macrocalyx var fallax
Poa macrocalyx var scabriflora
Poa macrocalyx var tatewakiana
Poa sachalinensis
Polemonium yezoense
Ponerorchis curtipes
Popoviocodonia
Popoviocodonia uyemurae
Potentilla matsumurae
Potentilla miyabei
Primula hidakana
Primula modesta
Primula modesta var matsumurae
Primula sorachiana
Primula takedana
Primula yuparensis
Pulsatilla sachalinensis
Reynoutria sachalinensis
Rhamnus ishidae
Ribes latifolium
Ribes sachalinense
Rumex fauriei
Rumex japonicus var yezoensis
Salix bakko
Salix hidakamontana
Salix paludicola
Salix pauciflora
Salix reinii
Salix sachalinensis
Salix taraikensis
Salix yezoalpina
Sanguisorba hakusanensis
Sasa rivularis
Saussurea chionophylla
Saussurea fauriei
Saussurea kurilensis
Saussurea riederi ssp kudoana
Saussurea riederi var daisetsuensis
Saussurea riederi var kudoana
Saussurea riederi var yezoensis
Saussurea yanagisawae
Saxifraga nishidae
Saxifraga sachalinensis
Scorzonera radiata
Sedum cauticolum
Sedum furusei
Senecio kawakamii
Silene repens
Silene sachalinensis
Solidago virgaurea var gigantea
Solidago virgaurea var yezoensis
Sorbus commixta
Spiesia pumilio
Stellaria nipponica
Stellaria pterosperma
Swertia tetrapetala
Taraxacum shikotanense
Taraxacum yuparense
Thalictrum foetidum
Thalictrum integrilobum
Thalictrum sachalinense
Thlaspi exauriculatum
Tilingia ajanensis
Tofieldia coccinea var kondoi
Tofieldia okuboi var kondoi
Trollius pulcher
Veronica schmidtiana
Viola alliariaefolia
Viola brevistipolata var laciniata
Viola brevistipulata ssp hidakana
Viola hidakana
Viola kusanoana
Viola yubariana


Summary

Included here is a large part of Sakhalin Island (south of 51 degrees 30 minutes), a large part of Hokkaido including the area northeast of the Kuromatsunai Depression, and the southern Kuril Islands including Kunashir, Shikotan and Iturup.

Of the endemic and near endemic vascular plants so far recorded there are about 210 species in 111 genera and 44 families. There is 1 endemic genus (marked red) but no endemic families.

References

Kanai, H. 1963.  Phytogeographical observations on the Japano-Himalayan Elements. Journal of the Faculty of Science, University of Tokyo, Sect 3. Botany, 8: 305-339.

Numata, M. (ed). 1974. The flora and vegetation of Japan. Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company.